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Currents and Voltages

Consider the output of one gate connected to the input of another gate. It is important to understand the allowable ranges of voltages at gate outputs and inputs, and the currents that can flow between gates.

Thus any voltage greater than VIH(min) applied to an input will be interpreted as H, and any voltage less than VIL(max) will be interpreted as L. For unambiguous communication of logic level from one gate to another we need

 \begin{displaymath}\begin{array}{rl}
V_{OH(min)} \geq V_{IH(min)}, \\ \\
V_{OL(max)} \leq V_{IL(max)}
\end{array}\end{displaymath} (1)

The currents are


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ANU Engineering - ENGN3213