Fast voxel-based 2D/3D registration algorithm using a
rendering method based on the shear-warp factorization
Authors: Jürgen Weese, Roland Göcke, Graeme P. Penney,
Paul Desmedt, Thorsten M. Buzug, and Heidrun Schumann
Presented by Jürgen Weese at SPIE's Medical Imaging
International Symposium, San Diego, California USA, 20-26 February
1999
In Medical Imaging 1999: Image Processing, K. M. Hanson, ed.,
Proceedings of SPIE Vol.3661, 1999, pp. 802-810
Abstract
2D/3D registration makes it possible to use pre-operative CT scans during
X-ray fluoroscopy guided interventions for navigation purposes. For this
registration task a fast voxel-based method is presented, which uses a
recently introduced similarity measure (pattern intensity). This measure
is especially suitable for 2D/3D registration, because it is robust with
respect to structures as, for instance, a stent visible in the X-ray
fluoroscopy image but not in the CT scan. The method uses only a part of
the CT scan for the generation of digitally reconstructed radiographs
(DRRs) to accelerate their computation. Nevertheless, computation time
is crucial for intra-operative application, because numerous DRRs must be
computed. The suitability of different volume rendering methods for 2D/3D
registration has been investigated therefore. A method based on the
shear-warp factorization turned out to be especially suitable and builds
the basis of the registration algorithm. The algorithm has been applied to
images of a spine phantom and to clinical images. For comparison,
registration results have been calculated using ray-casting. The
shear-warp factorization based rendering method accelerates registration
by a factor of up to seven compared to ray-casting without degrading
registration accuracy. Using a vertebra as a feature for registration,
computation time is in the range of 3-4s (Sun UltraSparc, 300MHz) which
is acceptable for intra-operative application.
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